Use of Technology to curb crimes in sri Lanka

Use of Technology to curb crimes in sri Lanka INTRODUCTION Crime rates Sri Lanka is continued to grow like a social melanoma since 1944. New methods are required in order to take decisions regarding a crime. In such an occasion, the court of law takes assistance of criminology. Main components of the criminology are zoology, chemistry, physics, computer science, statistics, and mathematics. The capital punishment is not reopened with human rights point of view. Unfortunately nowadays we observe that the crimes are so common occurrence in our country. Criminals search for numerous ways in order to commit crimes with the use of advance of the technology. All crime searching mechanisms of our country should be modified with the modern high technology methods in order to curb crimes. Not only the policies of a country, but also techniques which we use to prevent crimes contribute to the increase of the crime rates. 2 Being a democratic country, we do not practice capital punishment regarding offenders. The rate of crimes could be reduced certain extent utilizing the new technology. More over poverty contributes to increase the crime rate of our country. 3. Most of crimes are not reported or not recorded, not followed through, or not able to be proved.   Every crime violates the law, while every violation of the law does not count as a crime. As an example:  breaches of contact  are ranked as offence under the civil law, but it is not considered as a crime. AIM 4. The aim of this paper is to examine the use of technology to curb crimes and to maintain the law and order in Sri Lanka. HISTORY 5. The idea of crime came from legendary or mythology. Some religious communities consider crime as a sin. Good religious preachings had pointed out the consequences of committing crimes in historical books. Searching criminals and punishing them is a judiciary process in order to minimize the crime rate of a country or a society. Further the Department of Police has responsibility to submit offenders to the courts. The father of the criminology is considered as professor Edmond Lokard. He made a famous saying that every touch makes substances. 6. Sri Lanka practiced a court system for criminals in the history called Raja Sabha and it was an evidence based methodology which had been used to identify the criminals. Presently Sri Lanka use modern technology to detect crimes to a certain extent.    REASONS FOR CRIMES 7. Basically crimes in our country are taken place because of following reasons. Some of these reasons could be controlled with using modern technology for a certain extent. Those reasons are as follows: a. Poverty of the country. b. Morale values. c. Education of the citizens. d. Religious motivation. e. Social problems. f. Public perception. g. Gun culture. h. Drugs usage/drugs trafficking/illicit drugs. i. Degrading minorities. PRESENT PROCEDURE ON CRIMES IN SRI LANKA 8. Crime can be classified into categories as follows: a. Crimes against property. b. Crimes against Public order. c. Crimes in form of violent. 9. Mainly police handle crimes. When there is requirement of using technology, the police make use the police officers who are well trained on criminal investigation. these officers are called Scene of Crime Officers (SOCO). Once after recover any crime, the police produced relevant suspect or suspects in front of the courts. If not, the police carry out investigation on the order of the court. 10. Magistrates court or a High Court is having primary jurisdiction in the cases of crimes. The respective legal domains are provided by the Code of Criminal Procedure. REQUIREMENT OF TECHNOLOGY IN CRIMES DETECTION 11. Ordinary people commit crimes normally. Legal personals and police personal who are trained in handling crimes may also commit crimes. Then the detection of crimes is difficult. 12. Presently the advance technologies are used for crimes. Therefore, detection of crimes is not easy task like the ancient era. 13. Sri Lanka being a third world country the techniques used for crime prevention is in an infant age. Sri Lankan Crime statistics shows that most of crimes are pending on investigation giving us some idea about the investigation system of our country. Most of occasions technological failure paved way for the pending investigations. As examples following statistics relevant to the grave crimes indicate that we are to go for new technology: Ser no Year Total no of grave crimes Pending on investigation 1. 2010 27024 15959 2. 2009 57182 28448 3. 2008 60693 29800 4. 2007 56215 27009 5. 2006 60932 28650 (Source: Web Site Department of Police, Sri Lanka) 14. Since we faced 30 years war in recent past, most of people are trained on handling weapons. Some weapons may be remained in underground. There may be so many explosives and weapons which have not been detected by security forces. Though it is not imminent but some time later on, there is a tendency to increase crimes in account of these hidden items. .15. There were instances where some people tried to print money with common use of computer technology. With the available internet facilities, some people try to get knowledge for crimes. Some people may maintain contacts with foreign terrorists groups and criminals using intent facilities and other public communication systems. 16. General use of mobile phone also may be contributed for organized crimes. It is provided connectivity among criminals or criminal organizations. With commercial aim any one is permitted to get mobile connection without revealing so many personal particulars. Some body may use this easiness of mobile connectivity to achieve criminal objectives. Intelligence sources are bound with the existing law to do their operation freely. But when we are using modern technology to reveal these it is very much speed as well as efficient and effective. 17. .During the last three decades of war in Sri Lanka, when military forces achieved some gains in north, the consequences were in Colombo. Colombo is the economic hub of Sri Lanka. Any terrorists or any criminal can make grave losses to the economy of Sri Lanka if he or she targets on economic vulnerable places in Colombo. Some time it was revealed that LTTE carders used national identity card with a Muslim name. With using those identity cards they managed to come to Colombo. 18. Banks and other financial institution in our country give chance for anyone to open bank account in their banks. Minimum attention is given to the circulation of money in the account. Criminals can operate somewhere but handler of the criminals may be in somewhere. Even in the Minister Jeyaraj Fernandopulles case: it was revealed that the criminal had another identity card with a Tamil name which he had use to open a bank account to facilitate his expenses. 19. Our security forces ways of searching people and questioning people are not yet improved. It requires modification with new technology. Old searching methods of people are not suit for the present requirements. As an example: the Minister Jeyaraj Fernandopulles case, the police arrested a Tamil girl for questioning about the handler and the suicide bomber and she committed suicide by swallowing a cyanide capsule whilst in custody. In this instance, police found that the capsule had been hidden inside her vagina to avoid detection. 20. There were some abnormal cases where father raped his daughter or grandfather raped her innocent granddaughter. Since society is so much cruel there should be effective way to identify those offenders removing there voluble curtain like father or grandfather. TECHNOLOGY IN PRESENT FOR DETECTION OF CRIMES 21. Present technology to detect crimes can be considered as a guide for Sri Lanka crime prevention technology. During last humanitarian war period, the Terrorist Investigation Division (TID) and the CID of the Sri Lanka Police, were able to detect many sophisticated communication equipment of the LTTE and have arrested many LTTE cadres operating in Colombo with using modern technology. This paved the way for Colombo to be relatively free of incidents. 22. Any criminal from center part of the country may rape an innocent girl in south or north. He may escape without giving any evidence. But since DNA technology is used it is easy to find the suspect. But there is a problem with the cost of DNA research. 23. To judge the time of a murder, researches are conducted on skulk of a human body or else any other parts. It is sometimes help to identify criminals. 24. As technology continues to develop, the accuracy of information is increased. In August 2000 the accuracy of GPS signals was within 2 meters. We can use this technology for crime prevention. 25. Our preventive measures involve an increase in standard domestic intelligence. Understanding of terrorist functions increases the ability to prevent terror attacks effectively. 26. If suspect persons any cell of body excluding blood is remained as evidence, genetic code is to be tested. It may be his strait of hair, any small cell of the body. In case of a rape, criminals can be detected with following: a. Trees and soil of the place where the rape was taken place. b. Some patches taken place when trying to escape. c. Any strings of hair of the offender, d. Sperm of the offender. e. Suspected persons cloths. f. Any small injuries during the rape. 27. Observation of the Place of Crime. Following new technology are used in a place of crime. a. Use camera for surveillance. b. Storing data with a computer. c. Photographing using sensible camera. d. Storing of evidence with using computer. 28. Touching Evidence. Touching evidence is very much important in criminology. Basic consideration is paved for substance of physical components. Fingerprints are very much important evidence. New technology can be used for identifying fingerprints, recording fingerprints, scanning the small evidence materials, deciding time of a crime, where normal eye cannot identify the small substance. Touching evidence are used for following fields of crimes: a. Vehicle accident b. smuggling 29. Weapons and Explosives Weapons and explosives are used for crimes. There are so many types of explosives which are in used. Explosives can be a one chemical or compound. It may be a solid or liquid. Now explosives detectors are used. Since the new mine detectors are most effective they can be used for detection purposes. PROBLEMS 30. With considering nature of the crimes, tendency of the criminals, there is a higher requirement to use the modern technology. Following problems are identified in order to use the technology in reducing crimes and maintaining law and order of the country. Those difficulties are as follows: a. Since a considerable time Sri Lankan police service has using communications equipments to communicate with each police station. But when we consider the security, speed, efficiency it is too behind with the requirements. b. There is a vaccum of capable police personals to be used in crime detection purposes and technology handling. c. Morden fire arms are used by criminals d. In competitive world explosives are introduced with so many forms. e. Research on DNA is very much expensive. But it will help to identify criminals. Lack of researchers to do DNA tests is another problem. f. there is a lack of laboratory facilities with modern technology to detect crimes. g. Preventing crime is easy rather than searching after committed a crime and it is saving voluble properties in the form of man power or material. h. Drugs trafficking is a major issue. i. There are some places where crimes are repeating. Police dominance of the area is not enough to control the crimes. Sometimes there is a specific time which crimes are repeating. j. As per the common practice of law of our country, which trial a case in a court not suitable for some cases. As an example a real criminal may be escape from the punishment if a talent lawyer talks on behalf of him. He has to spend a great deal of money to get advices and service of the lawyer. And same manner an innocent man may be convicted for a crime if he is not taking assistance from a good layer. k. Our countrys judiciary system is functioning well. But in criminal cases pending on trial cases are very much high since the criminal cases are to be proved beyond the reasonable doubt. It requires some modification. In modern technology computers can be feed with intelligence and our penal code as well as other laws which help to take the decisions. Then the judgment could be taken without delay. l. Normal tendency of an offender is to do the offence habitually. When we consider about the data of a local police station this is a common tendency. Normally inquiries are recorded in a book. For minor offences are neglected for first or second times. Then someone may compel to do the crimes. Because the police have to search in so many books some offenders past behavior may be hidden. If a police station got a data source which can available immediately police can go for a study of any offenders history. As a result even a minor offences are repeated, the offender is to be punished to avoid crimes. When we consider about few criminals it is common truth that they have initially done small offences and later on crimes. m. Vehicles are being used by so many types of people. Criminals are also using vehicles. Criminals may commit a crime in a far away distance, and come back in few minutes using vehicles. Then tracking the criminals using search dogs is much difficult. n. Emergency telephone numbers which were published by the Department of Police are commonly use by the general public. That will help Police personals to locate the place of crimes and take actions without delay. For example 119 and 118 numbers are commonly used. But most of times these numbers are engaged with some conversations. o. Sudden provocations are making so many crimes in our country. When we consider about crimes history of our country it is so much clear. We can use modern technology to enhance the patient ability of such selected group of people with using computer games. p. Punishment may be helped to reduce crimes to some extent. But if we are going for a major reduction of the crimes in Sri Lanka following crimes generating areas are to be addressed giving reasonable solutions with using modern technology. q. In some occasions fingerprints are being used to identify the criminals. The fingerprint system had been used by prehistoric people. 31. There are numbers of poisons which are used in Sri Lanka for making crimes in the form of murder, committing suicide, homicide, culpable homicides. There is a new tendency in Sri Lanka for abortions with using illicit means. When in such a case researches on the victims body is to be carried out. New technology is used for those researchers. There is a scarcity of laboratory facilities with modern technology for these purposes. SUMMERY 32. Considerable number of reason is contributing to increase crimes in Sri Lanka. Controlling crimes is a need of hour in the country. In the process of controlling the crimes, Sri Lanka may face some barriers. Reconciling those barriers is required to reduce the crimes. Reducing crimes will help to maintain the peace and order of the country. RECOMMENDATIONS 33 It is recommended that: a. Every police station is to be provided with LAN and WAN system to impart information quickly. b. In order to reduce pending investigations of crime, police personals should be provided training on special equipments which are used for crime detection. c. Selected police personals should be provided with training on special arms which small in size. d. All police personals to be trained to identify various explosives. New equipment to identify explosives is proposed to import. e. Studies on DNA to expose crime can be expanding under the guidance of the government of Sri Lanka. f. In order to detect crimes there is a requirement to enhance laboratory facilities. g. Most of financial institution, government money lending institutions, and even some large scale business places are advised to fit camera and associate security systems with using computers to identify criminals. h. House can be secured with fixing small electronic alert equipment which is not expensive. i. Vehicles can be fixed with special remote sensible alert system. Costs of this equipment are very less but must be produced in larger scale. h. Media and other new technical ways and means can be utilized to educate people. Even in films may also be subjected to give the message to general public. i. With good intelligence combine with technology, will reduce drugs trafficking rate. On the other hand it will help to minimize other crime pertaining to robbery. j. New technology to detect crimes with using satellite, radar system or any other technology means of detection methods. k. National identity card which we are using can be produced by some body. In order to enhance security system of national identity card some magnetic sensitive identity(bar coded) card can be introduced. Though it is expensive at the beginning it will be reduced the large scale property damages and the cost of the detection of crimes. l. New technologies for detection of communication in the form of telephone, mobile phone and internet means of communication to be introduced for crime detection personals. m. By using technology the detection process to be accelerated to suit with future requirements n. We need new technology as well as specialized knowledge on computer and internet. o. Media got so many responsibilities to prevention of crimes. But some instance media also contribute to produce criminals. Media in terms of government and private sector is to be used for preventing crimes.

Considering Mahayana Buddhism for Process Philosophy Essay -- Philosop

Considering Mahayana Buddhism for Process Philosophy "Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people." Karl Marx (1844) "Science frees us in many ways†¦ from the bodily terror which the savage feels. But she replaces that, in the minds of many, by a moral terror which is far more overwhelming". Charles Kingsley (1866) Classical sociological theory teaches that all social phenomena—be it intangible, like an idea or a belief; or tangible, like institutions or a nation’s rights engraved into a written constitution—are interrelated to some extent. Two domains of social life that exert a particularly strong influence on the lives of individuals are science and religion. As dominant forces, both have, throughout history, conflicted with each other in fascinating ways. This paper will consider how the two might be integrated into a single mode of thought. My broad aim is to demonstrate how Mahayana Buddhism can be used to satisfy the primary goal of process philosophy, which combines the otherwise conflicting spheres of science and religious life: "the integration of moral, aesthetic, and religious intuitions with the most general doctrines of the sciences into a self-consistent worldview." (I heretofore refer to this as a "single worldview.") Doing so will first require an examinati on of the core tenets of Buddhism and the debunking of a popular misconception of the faith—the idea that Buddhism is an atheistic tradition. Next, I will consider how the tenets of Buddhism—chief among them, the idea of "emptines... ...and. Varieties of Postmodern Theology. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.) Marx, Karl. "Selections from Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right." February 1844. Available online at: http://www3.baylor.edu/~Scott_Moore/texts/Marx_Opium.html. Polkinghorne, John. Science and Theology: An Introduction. (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1998. Powers, John. Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism. (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1995.) Raymo, Chet. Skeptics and True Believers: The Exhilarating Connection Between Science and Religion. (New York: Walker and Co., 1988.) Rinpoche, Dilgo Khyentse. The Excellent Path to Enlightenment: Oral Teachings on the Root Text of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. Trans. The Padmakara Group. (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1996.) Wuthnow, Robert. "Sociology of Religion." In Handbook of Sociology. Ed. Neil Smelser. (London: Sage, 1988.)

Girls Education Essay

It is one the basic necessities to be educated for human, as world is full of competition, where one needs certain amount of skills to survive and be a threat to others. Education gives an insight to the person to differentiate between good and bad. Both men and women are part of our society so we need education for the females as well as for the males. In India despite of all the plans measures, initiatives and tall claims by the government and various voluntary organizations, a vast majority of the girls are yet illiterate in India. During the last four decades since independence, many schools and colleges are founded for girls. Education of girls is one of the basic features of the government plans. The female education is important for the society as mothers are the first teachers of the children. They are the first teachers of the future citizens of the country. It is being increasingly recognized that educated wives and mothers are an asset to a nation. Educated girls are working in banks, private firms, hospitals and government offices and supporting their families as well as contributing to the development of the country. Educated girls have an honored position in society. They have secured their rights from the reluctant men but all this is confined chiefly to the urban areas. Indians are conservative by nature. So, their blind faith and age old superstition stood against the female education. In rural areas most of the people are still against girls’ education. So much needs to be done yet. Special legislation should be enacted to deal with parents who neglect the education of their daughters. There are many villages where schools for girls do not exist. Every village must have a girl’ schools, or if that is not possible owing to lack of funds, parents should be persuaded to admit their daughters to the schools providing co-education. In recent years situation has improved considerably. People have felt the virtue of female education. Now in India we find women professors, lady doctors, lady scientists, lady politicians and lady ministers. Girls should be educated in the interest of our national progress. India is now optimistic in the field of female education. We had the female philosophers like Gargi, in the Vedic age. We had Mirabai, Ahalyabi and Laxmibai in the days of history. They were all learned. Hence, we had a great tradition during the days of our degeneration. Now, we have revived. So, we will certainly revive the female education in India.

Space Camp Competition - 3677 Words

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education *9666543292* 0510/21 ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE Paper 2 Reading and Writing (Extended) October/November 2009 2 hours Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Dictionaries are not allowed. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each†¦show more content†¦Chocolate-Tasting C hocolate-Tasting Chloe Dupont has a job which many people would envy. She is a chocolate-taster. Surprisingly, she is small and slim in spite of eating chocolate every day of her life. She was born in Argentina, where, at that time, chocolate was scarce and expensive. At the age of 13 she moved to France with her family. From that moment, she was able to indulge her passion. As she purchased her longed-for chocolate bars she also began cataloguing every piece of chocolate she bought with her small amount of pocket money. She had a modest amount of money to spend so she was always looking for the best taste. Chloe often ate the chocolate as early as 5 o’clock in the morning when she was alone because it gave her enormous pleasure. It was probably at this time that she considered chocolate-tasting as her future profession. Her school friends tested her on her ability to identify the maker of the chocolate she was tasting. She was never wrong about the brand or the type of chocolate she had been given and her friends were amazed. Chloe is now one of the few women at the top of her profession as a chocolate-taster. She eats at least 300 grams of chocolate a day but never puts on weight because she swims for an hour a day and eats light meals. This is because she needs to feel hungry to do her job properly. She believes that most people mistake real chocolate forShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Weimar Republic1185 Words   |  5 PagesHitler’s anti sematic death camps eradicated most of Europe’s Jewish population. After World War II, â€Å"only 8000 Jews remained in Berlin† (Gilman, L. 2007). Over the cold war period, the Jewish community was relatively stagnant in growth. In 1988 the Senate decided to build a new Jewish museum, exactly half a century before the Gestapo closed the original museum. 165 architects entered the competition, and Libeskind was chosen as the winner of the design competition. Libeskind was faced with anRead MoreRookie Sensation : A Game Of Discipline And Individuals Who Exhibit Success1091 Words   |  5 Pagesof discipline and individuals who exhibit success have input a work ethic that exceeds their competition. The Rookie Sensation seeks to position youth to potentially get a free education, learn work ethic, applicable skills that translates to life, convene with other athletes with common goals, and meet successful professionals who used sports as means to success. Camp Overview The basic premise for the camp hails from Aubrey Malphurs, â€Å"Coaching is helping people discover what they could not discoverRead MoreRobert Mondavi Corporation ( Rmc ) Analysis1393 Words   |  6 Pagesconsumers typically were between 35 and 55-year-olds. People with higher income, over $75,000 earnings, consumed more wine and represented 31.4 % of the total domestic table wine consumption. The competition within jug to premium wines was driven by price, brand image, and retail shelf space, while competition between superpremium and above was concentrated on quality and brand image. To stay competitive, RMC was pressured by retail chains to produce the desired supply of popular varietal wines whileRead MoreShould Animals Be Kept in Zoos?1654 Words   |  7 PagesZoos are the places where animals are kept. Some people argue that animals shall not be kept in zoos as they deserve freedom. Zoos cannot provide them with enough space, therefore, they cannot run around so as to grow up freely. On the other hand, some people argue that animals should be kept in zoos. Nowadays, forests and mountains have been cut down by people. If we leave animals alone, they might have nowhere to find food and nowhere to live. It is for the sake of the animals themselves thatRead MoreLibrary System Review of Related Literature1592 Words   |  7 PagesNational Library Camp Feasibility Study ALA Emerging Leaders 2007, Project Q Team Members: Mario Ascencio, George Mason University Christy Donaldson, Utah Valley State College Jolie Graybill, Northern Arizona University Florante Ibanez, Loyola Law Library Our Mentors: Loriene Roy, ALA President-Elect Kerry Ward, ALA contact Introduction There is a pressing need to fill the ranks of America’s Librarians and other Information Professionals (i.e. archivists, museum curators, etc.). As has beenRead MoreAmerican Eugenics : The United States1183 Words   |  5 Pagesconcentration camps, but we think about the Germans and the Jew. We usually never think of the Native Americans as being part of any type of concentration camps. But unfortunately they were. Back when the Germans started construction on their own camps in 1933 they based some ideas of them on some of the United States Civil War camps, the ending resolution was based on American Eugenics programs that were already working in the United States. You can obviously see there have been camps in the countryRead MorePersuasive Essay About Japanese Internment Camps1659 Words   |  7 Pagesto be in internment camps like the one at Newell California that is shown above. The Japanese people could be monitored and watched to prevent any underground activities. M y husband and I live 55 miles from an old Japanese Internment Camp, called The Tulelake Relocation Center or the Tule Lake Segregation Center. It is was located in Newell, California, a tiny town just a few miles north of the city of Tulelake in Northeastern California. The Tulelake Relocation center camp was one of ten JapaneseRead More Mules and Men Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Mules and Men† Zora Neale Hurston Beneath the lies a hidden history of unorganized, everyday conflict waged by African-American working people. Once we explore in greater detail those daily conflicts and the social and cultural spaces where ordinary people felt free to articulate their opposition and power in African-American quot;folkquot; communities. Folklores function as an everyday form of resistance in the Jim Crow South. Zora Hurston, narrative frame is far more supple than has previouslyRead MoreSputnik : The Cold War1602 Words   |  7 Pages Beginning later in the 1950s, space would eventually become another very dramatic arena for competition between the U.S and U.S.S.R, each side looked to prove the superiority of their own technology, along with its military firepower and of course their political-economic systems. Sputnik, name of the first of several artificial satellites launched by the Soviet Union from 1957 to 1961. Successfully launched and entered Earth s orbit. Thus, beginning the space age. T he successful launch shockedRead MoreAirline Deregulation1054 Words   |  5 PagesIn response, the Department of Transportation recently proposed guidelines to limit the maximum number of seats an airline can offer on particular routes and which forbid them from dropping prices below certain levels, all in the name of fair competition. In other words, we cant have prices get too cheap because then the Value-Jets of the world wont be able to jump into the market place. Of course then you would be paying $400 to fly from New York to Boston just for the chance to have a thrill-a-minute